Arts

In the previous guide we made a three dimensional rectangle using a vanishing point. (see guide link, if you have not read it)

Any rectangle drawn, any place on the paper, is made 3d the same way,
by connecting lines (called orthogonal lines) from its corners to the vanishing point (on the horizon line)
and then connecting the orthogonal line with horizontal and vertical lines (called transversal lines.)

This solid 3d rectangle is to the left side and below the horizon line.

It is below our eye level and to our left.

We see only the side parallel to our face and it’s top and right side.

In this picture 2 more rectangles were drawn using the same vanishing point.

The solid 3d rectangle on the horizon line is at our eye level. We can only see the side facing us and it’s
right side.

The solid 3d rectangle above the horizon line is above our eyes . It’s top is above our eyes and we cannot
see it. We cannot see its left side.

The 3d rectangles on the right side were added to the drawing.

Notice that we cannot see their right sides .

Notice that we do not see the tops or bottoms of the 2 rectangles on the horizon line (at our eye level).

The solid rectangle drawn at the center of the horizon line is parallel to our eyes and we cannot see the
top, bottom or sides.

*We see only one side of a solid object that is directly in front of us, parallel to our eyes.

Notice we see the bottoms but not the tops or sides of the 3d rectangles that are directly above our
eyes.

Notice we see the tops but not the bottoms or sides of the 3d rectangles that are directly below our
eyes.

If we stand in front of an object , as with the closet (parallel to the front of our face) we see the top and bottom edges as straight horizontal lines of equal distance from each other.

But if we change position, the parallel lines of the top and bottom edges of the closet seems to get
closer together and smaller, the further away they are from where we are standing or sitting in this case.

The marked picture shows all orthogonal lines go to the one vanishing point including the floor tiles
and all the closets.

We cannot see the tops of the objects above the horizon line drawn in yellow.

If we want to draw the closets in the kitchen,
the rectangle and the orthogonal lines of the closet
closest to the left of where we are standing are drawn.

Then we repeat the process for the closet on the
right.

The closets in reality are all the same height and width.
They are aligned and solid so we only need to put vertical lines connecting the orthogonal lines at different distances on the sides that we can see.

* notice that as they get closer to the vanishing point they appear smaller; they become more distant from where we are standing.

One point perspective can be used for drawings objects such as walls, hallways, roads, railroad tracks
and rooms.

The vanishing point does not have to be in the center of the horizon.
It is placed on the horizon line opposite your face and where your line of sight is. Your choice of how much to the left or right from where you are standing determines the placement of the vanishing point.

Shapes can be overlapping. Keep in mind that the side facing you has been drawn first.

Here the orthogonal lines connect all the corners of the rectangles

The transversal lines were drawn and parts of them were erased where they are blocked by the shape in front.

Overlapping is one of the methods used to add to the feeling of debth.

Rectangles are not the only shapes that can be drawn 3d.
Graphic artists often use 1 point perspective to create 3d letters or shapes by connecting orthogonal lines from their corners or points to one vanishing point. Transversal lines connect the orthogonal lines at the same angles as the original shape
(parallel to our face).

The same rules as for rectangles apply for which sides can be seen, depending on being above or below
and to the left or right of the vanishing point.

*Pay attention for one point perspective their true (undistorted) shape is parallel to our face as with
the rectangles.